Please note that these references are outdated and apply to the 2017 and 2018 version of emission factors only. See the Carbon References Page and Nitrogen References Page for current emission factor information.
The table contains references for CO2. Please, follow the link to see references for CH4, and for N2O. NOTE: We have decided to provide the actual documents for some of the references because of the issues with linking to the page where these documents reside. If you cannot reach the web pages using these URLs, you can download the document used for the reference.
| Carbon References: Scope 1: Stationary Fuels | ||||||||
| Description | Name | Unit | Base Calculation | Source | URL | Calculations (separated) | Full Calculations | Notes |
| On-campus stationary sources (CO2) | Residual Oil (#5-6) | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) [2] Monthly Energy Review, May, 2014. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu / barrel). |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] ttps://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) |
kg CO2 / gallon = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)) x (MMBtu / gallon)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel of liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. |
| Distillate Oil (#1-4) | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) |
kg CO2 / gallon = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)) x (MMBtu / gallon)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel of liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. |
|
| Natural Gas | kg CO2 / MMBtu | kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) | [1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... | kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) | Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. Natural Gas HHV is based on total consumption including electric end use | ||
| LPG (Propane) | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) |
kg CO2 / gallon = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)) x (MMBtu / gallon)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel of liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. LPG and Motor Gasoline are based on total consumption data. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. For calculation of Biodiesel mixes (B5, B20), "diesel" is Distillate Oil. | |
| Coal (Steam Coal) | kg CO2 / Short Ton | kg CO2 / Short Ton = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/.short ton) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | The heating value for coal is "Commercial Coal." | |
| Incinerated Waste | kg CO2 / Short Ton | kg CO2 / Short ton = (MTCE / short ton) * % Oxidized * (MT CO2 / MTCE) * (1000 kg / MT) | Documentation for Greenhouse Gas Emission and Energy Factors Used in the Waste Reduction Model (WARM) 12. February 2012. Combustion, Page 4, Exhibit 1. | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-03/documents/warm_v14_ba... | kg CO2 / Short ton = (MTCE / short ton) * % Oxidized * (MT CO2 / MTCE) * (1000 kg / MT) | Factor is for gross CO2 emissions from combustion of the nonbiomass portion of mixed municipal solid waste, expressed as MTCE / Wet Short Ton. It assumes no transportation emissions because combustion is on campus. It does not include potentially avoided landfill CH4 emissions. This source converted CO2 emissions to MTCE using 44 MT CO2 / 22 MTCE, so these values should be used to convert the emissions factors from MTCE to MT CO2. Carbon emissions represent 47% of incinerated waste emissions. | ||
| Residual BioHeat | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / Gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. [2] Monthly Energy Review, May, 2014. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (heating value). |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) | kg CO2 / Gallon= [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] * (MMBtu / Gallon) |
Carbon emissions represent 80% of Residual BioHeat emissions. Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. kg c02 / MMBtu = assumed to be 80% residual oil carbon content which is 20.47 Tg C / Qbtu or 75.06 kg c02/MMBtu MMBtu/gallon = Heating value 80% HHV of residual oil + 20% HHV of B100 |
|
| Distillate BioHeat | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / Gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... 2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) | kg CO2 / Gallon= [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] * (MMBtu / Gallon) |
Carbon emissions represent 80% of Distillate BioHeat emissions. Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. kg c02 / MMBtu = assumed to be 80% residual oil carbon content which is 20.47 Tg C / Qbtu or 75.06 kg c02/MMBtu. MMBtu/gallon = Heating value 80% HHV of residual oil + 20% HHV of B100 |
|
| Other | kg CO2 / MMBtu | n/a | n/a | n/a | Customized by users. No data entry here. | |||
| On Campus stationary (biogenic) | kg CO2 / Short Ton | kg CO2 / Short Ton = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) [kg CO2/MMBtu) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clima... |
kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Heating values and carbon content for all biogenic emissions assumed to be the same as for "wood and wood residuals" in Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83. This document in turn references the EPA Final Mandatory Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Rule Tables C-1 and AA-1. | |
| kg CO2 / Short Ton | kg CO2 / Short Ton = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) [kg CO2/MMBtu) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clima... |
kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Assumed to be same as wood and waste | ||
| kg CO2 / Short Ton | kg CO2 / Short Ton = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (Tg Carbon/Qbtu) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) [kg CO2/MMBtu) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clima... |
kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | kg CO2 / Short Ton = [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Assumed to be same as wood and waste | ||
| Incinerated Waste | kg CO2 / Short Ton | kg CO2 / Short ton = (MTCE / short ton) * % Oxidized * (MT CO2 / MTCE) * (1000 kg / MT) | Documentation for Greenhouse Gas Emission and Energy Factors Used in the Waste Reduction Model (WARM) 12. February 2012. Combustion, Page 4, Exhibit 1. | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-03/documents/warm_v14_ba... | kg CO2 / Short ton = (MTCE / short ton) * % Oxidized * (MT CO2 / MTCE) * (1000 kg / MT) | Factor is for gross CO2 emissions from combustion of the nonbiomass portion of mixed municipal solid waste, expressed as MTCE / Wet Short Ton. It assumes no transportation emissions because combustion is on campus. It does not include potentially avoided landfill CH4 emissions. This source converted CO2 emissions to MTCE using 44 MT CO2 / 22 MTCE, so these values should be used to convert the emissions factors from MTCE to MT CO2. Biogenic emissions represents 53% of incinerated waste emissions | ||
| Residual BioHeat | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / Gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. [2] Monthly Energy Review, May, 2014. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (heating value). |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) | kg CO2 / Gallon= [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] * (MMBtu / Gallon) |
Biogenic emissions represent 20% of Residual BioHeat emissions. Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. kg c02 / MMBtu = assumed to be 80% residual oil carbon content which is 20.47 Tg C / Qbtu or 75.06 kg c02/MMBtu MMBtu/gallon = Heating value 80% HHV of residual oil + 20% HHV of B100 |
|
| Distillate BioHeat | kg CO2 / Gallon | kg CO2 / Gallon = (kg CO2 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Gallon) |
[1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. Released April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) |
[1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-a... [2] https://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/previous.php |
kg CO2 / MMBtu = (Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C) | kg CO2 / Gallon= [(Tg C / Qbtu) * (% Oxidized) * (MT CO2 / MT C) * (QBtu / MMBtu) * (kg C / Tg C)] * (MMBtu / Gallon) |
Biogenic emissions represent 20% of Distillate BioHeat emissions. Values are carbon content coefficients used in the U.S. EPA Emissions Inventory, expressed as Tg Carbon / Qbtu. kg c02 / MMBtu = assumed to be 80% residual oil carbon content which is 20.47 Tg C / Qbtu or 75.06 kg c02/MMBtu MMBtu/gallon = Heating value 80% HHV of residual oil + 20% HHV of B100 |
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