Please note that these references are outdated and apply to the 2017 and 2018 version of emission factors only. See the Carbon References Page and Nitrogen References Page for current emission factor information.
The table contains reference data for CH4. Please, follow the link to see references for CO2 and for N2O.
Carbon References:Scope 1: Stationary Fuels: CH4
| Description | Name | Emission Factors | Source | URL | Calculation | Detailed Calculation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Natural Gas | kg CH4 / MMBtu | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. For joules to MMBtu a conversion factor of 1 joule = 9.486×10^-4 Btu was used. |
| LPG (Propane) | kg CH4 / Gallon | kg CH4 / gallon = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; |
MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg CH4 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Divided total US commercial petroleum NOx emissions (kt) by total US commercial petroleum fuel consumption (TBtu). Converted from units (kt NOx/TBtu) to units (kg NOx/MMBtu). Multiplied by LPG propane heating value to convert to units (kg NOx/gal). Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. LPG heating value based on total consumption data. |
| Coal (Steam Coal) | kg CH4 / Short Ton | kg CH4 / Short Ton = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/short ton) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/inventory-us-greenhouse-gas-emissions-…; | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg CH4 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | The heating value for coal is "Commercial Coal." |
| Incinerated Waste | kg CH4 / Short Ton | The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) [MMBtu/short ton) | https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clim… | Assumed to be zero because source did not mention CH4 | |||
| Wood Chips | kg CH4 / Short Ton | kg CH4 / Short Ton = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) (MMBtu/short ton) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; [2] https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clim… | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg CH4 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Multiplied by wood heating value (for wood & waste) to convert to units (kg NOx/short ton). All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. |
| Wood Pellets | kg CH4 / Short Ton | kg CH4 / Short Ton = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) (MMBtu/short ton) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; [2] https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clim… | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg CH4 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Assumed to be equal to wood chips. |
| Grass Pellets | kg CH4 / Short Ton | kg CH4 / Short Ton = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) (MMBtu/short ton) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; [2] https://www.theclimateregistry.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/2016-Clim… | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg CH4 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Assumed to be equal to wood chips. |
| Residual BioHeat | kg CH4 / Gallon | kg CH4 / gallon = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, May, 2014. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu / barrel). | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; |
MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg CH4 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. Residual bioheat heating value is a weighted average between residual oil (80%) and B100 (20%). |
| Distillate BioHeat | kg CH4 / Gallon | kg CH4 / gallon = (kg CH4 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; |
MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg CH4 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. Residual bioheat heating value is a weighted average between distillate oil (80%) and B100 (20%). |
| Other | kg CH4 / MMBtu | n/a | n/a | n/a | Customized by users. No data entry here. | ||