Please note that these references are outdated and apply to the 2017 and 2018 version of emission factors only. See the Carbon References Page and Nitrogen References Page for current emission factor information.
The table contains reference data for N2O. Please, follow the link to see references for CO2 and for CH4.
Carbon References: Scope 1: Stationary Fuels
| Name | Unit | Calculation | Source | URL | Calculation (Separated) | Full Calculation | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Residual Oil (#5-6) | kg N2O / Gallon | kg N20 / gallon = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, May, 2014. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu / barrel). | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg N20 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. For joules to MMBtu a conversion factor of 1 joule = 9.486×10^-4 Btu was used. |
| Distillate Oil (#1-4) | kg N2O / Gallon | kg N20 / gallon = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg N20 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. For joules to MMBtu a conversion factor of 1 joule = 9.486×10^-4 Btu was used. |
| Natural Gas | kg N2O / MMBtu | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | [1] Draft Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks 2010: 1990-2010. April 2011. Annex 2, page A-57, Table A-37. (g/GJ) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg CH4 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. For joules to MMBtu a conversion factor of 1 joule = 9.486×10^-4 Btu was used. |
| LPG (Propane) | kg N2O / Gallon | kg N20 / gallon = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/barrel) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg N20 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. LPG heating value based on total consumption data. |
| Coal (Steam Coal) | kg N2O / Short Ton | kg N20 / Short Ton = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu/short ton) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg N20 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. The heating value for coal is "Commercial Coal." |
| Incinerated Waste | kg N2O / Short Ton | Kg N20/ short ton = (kg N20/ MMBtu) * (MMBtu / short ton) | 1) Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (MTCE N2O / Short Ton) 2) The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) [MMBtu/short ton) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-factors-and-quantification/ap-42-comp… | kg N2O / MMBtu = [(MTCE N2O / Short Ton) * (MT CO2 / MTCE) * (1000 kg / MT)]/ GWP N2O | kg N2O / Short Ton = [(MTCE N2O / Short Ton) * (MT CO2 / MTCE) * (1000 kg / MT)]/ GWP N2O x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | This source uses 44 MT CO2 / 22 MTCE and GWP N2O = 310 |
| Wood Chips | kg N2O / Short Ton | kg N20 / Short Ton = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] U.S. EPA. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2014. Released April 15, 2016. Annex 3, Section 3.1, Table A-87 (fuel consumption) and Table A-90 (NOx emissions) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; [2] http://www.theclimateregistry.org/resources/protocols/general-reporting…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg N20 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Multiplied by wood heating value (for wood & waste) to convert to units (kg NOx/short ton). All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. |
| Wood Pellets | kg N2O / Short Ton | kg N20 / Short Ton = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] U.S. EPA. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2014. Released April 15, 2016. Annex 3, Section 3.1, Table A-87 (fuel consumption) and Table A-90 (NOx emissions) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; [2] http://www.theclimateregistry.org/resources/protocols/general-reporting…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg N20 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Assumed to be equal to wood chips. |
| Grass Pellets | kg N2O / Short Ton | kg N20 / Short Ton = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | [1] U.S. EPA. Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Emissions and Sinks: 1990 - 2014. Released April 15, 2016. Annex 3, Section 3.1, Table A-87 (fuel consumption) and Table A-90 (NOx emissions) [2] The Climate Registry, 2014. Climate Registry Default Emissions Factors. April 19, 2016. Accessed 7/16. (Table 12.1 "U.S. Default Factors for Calculating CO2 Emissions from Fossil Fuel and Biomass Combustion" p.5 of 83) | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; [2] http://www.theclimateregistry.org/resources/protocols/general-reporting…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) | kg N20 / Short Ton = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] x (MMBtu / Short Ton) | Assumed to be equal to wood chips. |
| Residual BioHeat | kg N2O / Gallon | kg N20/ gallon = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ) [2] Monthly Energy Review, May, 2014. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (MMBtu / barrel). | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg N20/ gallon = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg N20 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. Residual bioheat heating value is a weighted average between residual oil (80%) and B100 (20%). |
| Distillate BioHeat | kg N2O / Gallon | kg N20/ gallon = (kg N20 / MMBtu) x (MMBtu / gallon) | [1] Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 1990-2012. April 2014. Annex 3, page A-128, Table A-85. (g/GJ [2] Monthly Energy Review, July 26, 2016. Energy Information Administration, U.S. Department of Energy. Appendix A (heating value). | [1] https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2015-12/documents/us-ghg-inv…; | kg N20 / MMBtu = (g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu) MMBtu/ gallon = (MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons) | kg N20 / gallon = [(g/GJ) * (kg/g) * (GJ/J) * (J/MMBtu)] * [(MMBtu/ barrel) * (barrel liquid fuel/ gallons)] | Heating values for liquid fuels were changed from MMBtu / Barrel to MMBtu / gallon using 42 gallons / barrel. All factors are Higher Heating Values, as used by the US EPA. Residual bioheat heating value is a weighted average between residual oil (80%) and B100 (20%). |
| Other | kg N2O / MMBtu | n/a | n/a | n/a | Customized by users. No data entry here. |