This page includes references and calculations for the 2017 and 2018 version of emission factors. These references and emission factors are out of date, but we continue to provide them for historic documentation.
To see the most current references associated with the 2020 version of emission factors, see the Carbon References Page and Nitrogen References Page.
The references are organized by scope. We will be adding references for each section as they become available. If you see the hyperlink, then the references are ready. If you have any questions about the references below or about any references not yet documented here, please contact us here.
Scope 1:
- Stationary fuels
- Transport fuels
- Fertilizer and animals
- Refrigerants & Chemicals: N/A
Scope 2:
- Utility consumption
- Renewable energy
Scope 3:
- Commuting, Business travel & study abroad, and Student travel to/from home
- Food
- Paper: N/A
- Waste & Wastewater
Sinks and offsets:
- Compost, non-additional sequestration, and offsets